Saturday, April 9, 2011

Glossary of Select Terms Found at the Library of Congress

Here: http://www.loc.gov/folklife/guides/Boatbuilding.html

Barnegat Bay sneakbox: A small, round-bottom waterfowling boat of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, origin.

Bateau (pl. Bateaux): A flat-bottomed boat with flaring sides and raked bow and stern.

Bayman-skills: The abilities necessary to perform water-related tasks in regions such as Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, where marine industry is both land and water-based.

Birch-bark canoe: A canoe with hull covered by one or more pieces of stitched birch-bark.

Boom: A spar used to extend the foot of a sail.

Bushwack boat: A boat propelled by pulling surrounding plant growth or overhanging trees.

Canal boat: A boat designed for use on narrow, man-made waterways and used primarily for hauling bulk loads.

Canoe: A light, narrow boat with pointed, usually symmetric ends typically propelled by hand-held paddle.

Caulking: The process or material used to make the joint between two planks watertight.

Clinker-built: See "Lap-streak."

Corking: See "Caulking."

Crab garvey: A small, flat-bottomed boat commonly found along the New Jersey coast with broad, square ends used for catching and transporting crabs.

Cross-planking: The process of installing bottom planks perpendicular to a boat's centerline.

Cypress: The wood derived from a variety of evergreen tree of the pine family unique to swampland.

Deck: A horizontal surface in a boat.

Deck gear: All items necessary for the operation of a watercraft kept within immediate reach of the crew.

Decoy: An imitation waterfowl, usually carved from wood, used by a hunter to lure prey.

Double-ender: A boat with symmetric, or nearly symmetric, bow and stern.

Ferry: A boat used to transport passengers, vehicles, or goods.

Fiberglass: A synthetic material that, when combined with resin, grows hard and waterproof. Commonly utilized in boat construction.

Flanger: A small, flat-bottomed boat.

Frame: A transverse rib-like structure to which planking is attached.

Framing: The process of constructing a frame.

Guide boat: A boat designed primarily for guiding.

Guiding: The act of leading a party, usually a hunting party, through hazardous and or inaccessible terrain.

Gun boat: A military boat laden with one or more large artillery pieces.

Hull: The body of a boat exclusive of upper decks and rigging.

Jig: A frame or guide upon which a boat's superstructure is constructed.

Johnboat: A narrow, flat-bottomed, square-ended boat used primarily on inland waterways.

Kayak: A decked, canoe-like boat of Eskimo origin.

Lap-streak (strake): A method of hull planking in which each plank overlaps the next by a short distance.

Lofting: The process of enlarging to full size the contours and dimensions of a hull as represented by blueprint.

Marine railway: A segment of track used to transport large boats short distances from land to water.

Marine propeller: A forged, screw-like device fastened to the end of a boat engine's drive shaft, converting engine rotation to forward or reverse thrust.

Mast: A vertical spar extending from a deck supporting both mast and rigging.

Outboard motor: A small, usually stern-mounted, single thrust unit containing an engine, drive shaft, and propeller.

Oyster tonging: The process of lifting oysters from their beds using oyster tongs.

Oyster tongs: A scissors-like tool used to capture and lift oysters from their beds below the water line.

Pirogue: A canoe-like boat primarily of the dugout variety.

Plank canoe: A canoe with hull composed of planks.

Planking: The strips of timber composing a boat's exterior hull structure.

Plywood: A composite wood product formed of several veneers of varying wood types.

Pondbox: A small, square, one-man waterfowling boat not intended for transportation.

Quahog: A thick-shelled, American clam.

Railbird: A variety of waterfowl common to New Jersey marshlands.

Rib: A lateral member of a boat's superstructure usually steam-bent and evenly spaced.

Rigging: All running and standing lines used to control and support sails and spars.

Shipfitting: The process of arranging structural members prior to welding or riveting. Commonly associated with naval ship construction.

Skiff: A small, light rowing or sailing boat.

Skipjack: A wide, sail-powered, oyster dredging boat found primarily on the Chesapeake Bay.

Sneakbox: See "Barnegat Bay sneakbox."

Stern: The rear segment of a boat.

Strip canoe: A canoe with hull composed of narrow, wooden slats.

Through hull: Any hardware that penetrates the hull so as to necessitate the removal of a hull cross-section.

Tow boat: A boat used to pull barges, bulk loads, or other boats.

Wangan boat: A boat used for carrying provisions.

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